Passzív kérdő mondatok angolul: a passive voice kérdés használata és képzése

Passzív kérdő mondatban az alany kapja a cselekvést, ezért a figyelem nem azon van, hogy ki hajtotta végre az eseményt, hanem azon, hogy mi történt az alannyal. A legfontosabb alapképlet: [alany] + be + [befejezett melléknévi igenév], kérdésben azonban a megfelelő segédige az alany elé kerül.

A passzív szerkezet például így működik: The ball was thrown by the pitcher. Ebben a mondatban a labda az alany, és a labdával történt a cselekvés. További példák: I was given a gift yesterday., My apartment was built in 2010., English is spoken in many countries.

A passive voice kérdés alapja

A passzív kérdések képzésekor a be ige vagy egy másik segédige kerül az alany elé, majd az alanyt a főige harmadik alakja követi. A mondat végén kérdőjel áll.

A cselekvő mondatban általában az a fontos, hogy ki hajtotta végre a cselekvést, passzív mondatban viszont az esemény elszenvedője vagy eredménye kerül előtérbe. A cselekvő személyt a by elöljárószóval lehet megadni, de ez gyakran elhagyható.

Egyszerű jelen idő: Simple Present Passive

Az egyszerű jelen idejű passzív eldöntendő kérdés szerkezete: Is/Are + alany + befejezett melléknévi igenév? Az is egyes számú, az are többes számú alany mellett használatos.

Az egyszerű jelen idejű passzív kérdőszavas kérdés szerkezete: Wh-kérdőszó + is/are + alany + befejezett melléknévi igenév?

• What is imported by your country?
• What is exported by your country?
• Are US dollars accepted at Dubai airport?
• Is coffee served here?
• What is this pie made of?
• When are these items usually brought here?
• What are these shoes made of?

Egyszerű múlt idő: Simple Past Passive

Az egyszerű múlt idejű passzív eldöntendő kérdés szerkezete: Was/Were + alany + befejezett melléknévi igenév? A was egyes számú, a were többes számú alany mellett használatos.

Az egyszerű múlt idejű passzív kérdőszavas kérdés szerkezete: Wh-kérdőszó + was/were + alany + befejezett melléknévi igenév?

• Were you recognized by her?
• Was the book taken?
• Were the students taught English?
• When was the church built?
• Were all the candy bars sold by the little boy?
• When were the children taken on a trip?
• Was the book published before 1900?

Present Perfect Passive

A befejezett jelen idejű passzív kérdés szerkezete: Has/Have + alany + been + befejezett melléknévi igenév? Az has egyes számú, a have többes számú alannyal használatos.

• Has the work been finished?
• Have they been invited?
• Has the house been built?
• Has the house been cleaned?
• Has the room been painted?
• Have the letters been delivered?
• Have the cars been washed?

Egyszerű jövő idő: Simple Future Passive

Az egyszerű jövő idejű passzív kérdés szerkezete: Will + alany + be + befejezett melléknévi igenév? A will minden személyben változatlan marad.

• Will our listening comprehension skills be tested?
• Will my apology be accepted?
• Will workers be replaced by computers?
• Will the cars be fixed?
• Will the animals be kept in cages?
• Will the costs be reduced?
• Will the water be drinkable after the process?

Folyamatos jelen idő: Present Continuous Passive

A folyamatos jelen idejű passzív kérdés szerkezete: Am/Is/Are + alany + being + befejezett melléknévi igenév? A being mutatja, hogy a cselekvés éppen folyamatban van.

• Are we being watched?
• Are they being reported?
• Are they being taken to prison?
• Are the boats being cleaned?
• Are the cars being fixed?
• Are the air conditioning being installed?
• Are these children being taught how to speak Japanese?
• Is she being promoted in her job?

Passzív kérdések a can segédigével

A can módbeli segédigével képzett passzív kérdés szerkezete: Can + alany + be + befejezett melléknévi igenév? A can után mindig az ige alapalakja áll, ezért a passzív szerkezetben a be nem változik.

Tagadó kérdésben a szerkezet: Can’t + alany + be + befejezett melléknévi igenév?

• Can it be cured?
• Can this work be done?
• Can the car be fixed?
• Can these trees be cut down?
• Can these problems be solved?
• Can the site be restored?
• Can that WordPress website be cleaned of Malware?
• Can the apartment be remodeled in less than 24 hours?

Passzív kérdések a could módbeli segédigével

A could segédigével képzett passzív kérdés szerkezete: Could + alany + be + befejezett melléknévi igenév?

• Could the project be completed on time?
• Could the error be fixed by the team?
• Could the solution be implemented without additional resources?
• Could the report be submitted by the deadline?
• Could the package be delivered to the customer tomorrow?
• Could the data be securely stored in the cloud?
• Could the proposal be approved by the committee?
• Could the issue be resolved with a software update?
• Could the manuscript be edited for publication?
• Could the contract be renewed for another year?

A passzív kérdés fő szerkezetei

Gyakori rendhagyó igék a passive voice kérdésekben

A passzív szerkezetben mindig a főige befejezett melléknévi igenévi alakját kell használni. Ez nem feltétlenül az ige egyszerű múlt idejű alakja, ezért a rendhagyó igéket külön meg kell tanulni.

Gyakorlófeladat: válaszd ki a helyes alakot

1. The bottle …
   A: should not being shaken
   B: should not been shaken
   C: should not been being shaken
   D: should not be shook
   E: should not be shaken
2. He …. in a crossfire.
   A: was shoot
   B: was shotted
   C: was being shot
   D: was be shoting
   E: was shot
3. A good film …. in the cinema yesterday.
   A: was being shown
   B: was show
   C: was showed
   D: were shown
   E: was shown
4. Are you sure the door …. ?
   A: has been shutted
   B: has being shut
   C: has been shut
   D: has been being shut
   E: has been be shut
5. Many beautiful songs …. at this competition.
   A: is being sung
   B: is being sang
   C: are being sung
   D: are been sung
   E: are being sang
6. Too much money …. on the army.
   A: is being spented
   B: is being spend
   C: is been being spent
   D: is being spent
   E: is being spended
7. The class …. into groups of five.
   A: was splited up
   B: was split up
   C: was being split up
   D: were split up
   E: were splitted up
8. The jewellery ……
   A: was stolen
   B: was stole
   C: were stolen
   D: were being stolen
   E: was being stole
9. The paper …. on the window.
   A: was stucked
   B: was stuck
   C: was sticked
   D: were stuck
   E: were being stuck
10. Mr Watson …. as town mayor.
    A: was swearn in
    B: were sworn in
    C: was sworn in
    D: were sworn in
    E: was beeing sworn in
11. Everything …. diligently.
    A: is being sweep
    B: is being swept
    C: are being swept
    D: are being sweep
    E: being swept
12. Our cars ……
    A: were not take
    B: were not took
    C: not taken
    D: were not taken
    E: were be not taken
13. Chinese …. at this school.
    A: going to be taught
    B: is going be taught
    C: are going be taught
    D: is going to be teached
    E: is going to be taught
14. The plaster …. off the wall when we arrived.
    A: was being tear down
    B: was being torn down
    C: was being tearn down
    D: being torn down
    E: was be torn down
15. I …. about the accident before you mentioned it.
    A: had not been told
    B: had not been tell
    C: had not told
    D: had not been telled
    E: be told
16. Not all eventualities ……
    A: was thought of
    B: were thought of
    C: were thinking of
    D: were being thought of
    E: have being thought of
17. Batteries …. in the communal waste.
    A: must not thrown out
    B: not be thrown out
    C: must not be thrown out
    D: must not be threw out
    E: must not been threwn out
18. His English ……
    A: can easily be understand
    B: can easily understood
    C: can easily be understood
    D: can easily been understood
    E: easily be understood
19. I …. by the alarm clock at 5 o’clock.
    A: was woken up
    B: was woke up
    C: was wake up
    D: was woked up
    E: was waked up
20. Nothing more …. about love.
    A: can be written
    B: can be write
    C: can be writed
    D: can written
    E: be written

A gyakorlófeladatok megoldásai

A helyes válaszok: 1-E, 2-E, 3-E, 4-C, 5-C, 6-D, 7-B, 8-A, 9-B, 10-C, 11-B, 12-D, 13-E, 14-B, 15-A, 16-B, 17-C, 18-C, 19-A, 20-A.

További passzív mondatok gyakorláshoz

1. Gina ………………. in Mississipi.
   a) brought up
   b) was brought up
   c) had been brought up
2. I ………………. by mistake. The police were looking for my flatmate.
   a) was arrested
   b) was being arrested
   c) have been arrested
3. How many people ………………. to the wedding?
   a) invited
   b) are invited
   c) be invited
4. My room looked different, it ……………….
   a) has been cleaned
   b) was cleaning
   c) had been cleaned
5. The murder was committed ……………….
   a) by a knife
   b) with a knife
   c) at a knife
6. Tom ………………. He’s the new Chief Executive Officer.
   a) was being promoting
   b) has promoted
   c) has been promoted
7. I ………………. to bring my own bike to the camp.
   a) told
   b) was said
   c) was told
8. It won’t take long. Your car ………………. at the moment.
   a) is washed
   b) is being washed
   c) is having washed
9. There was an accident in front of our house but nobody ……………….
   a) got hurt
   b) is getting hurt
   c) have got hurt
10. Julia ………………. to the health and safety training next week.
    a) will be sent
    b) will be sending
    c) is being sent
11. Cain ………………. to be very good at tennis.
    a) has been said
    b) was saying
    c) is said
12. ………………. yet?
    a) Has the garage cleaned
    b) Was the garage cleaned
    c) Has the garage been cleaned
13. This door ………………. open during the day.
    a) must leave
    b) must be left
    c) must have left
14. Can you make sure the dog ………………. every day while we’re away?
    a) is fed
    b) will feed
    c) is being fed
15. Tom turned up at the party without ……………….
    a) invited
    b) having invited
    c) being invited

A második gyakorlófeladat megoldásai

A helyes válaszok: 1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, 5-b, 6-c, 7-c, 8-b, 9-a, 10-a, 11-c, 12-c, 13-b, 14-a, 15-c.

Beszédgyakorló kérdések passive voice használatával

Az alábbi kérdésekben a passzív szerkezet használata lehetővé teszi, hogy a figyelem az eseményre, az érintett személyre vagy a tárgy állapotára kerüljön.

• What have you been given lately?
• Have you or a friend ever been attacked or robbed?
• What happened?
• Why does your hair look like that?
• What was done to it?
• Have you ever been recorded with an audio or video recorder?
• What were you doing?
• What condition is your home in?
• When was it built?
• What has been done to it lately?
• Has it been damaged?
• What is usually eaten for breakfast in your country?
• What is usually consumed at parties in your city?
• What could be done to this room to make it nicer?
• What will be said about you when you are gone?
• What do you hope will be said?
• Are teenagers given too much freedom these days?
• Do they need to be controlled?
• What should be done about air and water pollution?
• What do you like to be called by friends?
• What are you called by your family?
• Has your English ability been tested lately?
• How was it tested?
• Have your teeth been checked by a dentist recently?
• If so, what condition were they in?
• If not, why not?
• When was your last check-up?
• Some people think the moon landing was faked. What do you think?
• You leave something that you plan on eating in your fridge, but later you find that it is gone. Who was it probably eaten by?
• A hungry man steals a loaf of bread. How should he be punished?

tags: #passive #voice #kerdes