Angol érettségi: környezetvédelem

A környezetvédelem fontos angol érettségi-téma, amelyben érdemes beszélni a környezetszennyezés fajtáiról, következményeiről, a globális felmelegedésről, az energiaforrásokról és a mindennapi megoldásokról. I think environmental protection is a very important issue nowadays.

We have to protect the world around us in my view material friendly products and recycle waste material. We don’t have to do big things, just start small, like switching off the lights in the rooms, not using too much water, and not throwing litter away in the streets.

Alapfogalmak és hasznos kifejezések

All of us know how important it is to protect our environment and we hear about the negative effects that our lifestyles have on nature and our world every day. A very serious result of our careless living is pollution.

During the last hundred years we have done great DAMAGE to the ENVIRONMENT. There’s a large CHEMICAL FACTORY in our town which has POLLUTED the river three times already. The government is very worried about the POLLUTION of our rivers.

A “green” person loves animals and plants and likes nature and want to protect the environment. I think environmental protection is a very important issue nowadays.

It is very important to be aware of environmental problems and air pollution. I think it’s not only our environment but the next generations’ too, so we should start to consider the problems of energy.

A környezetszennyezés fő típusai

The three main kinds of pollution are: air, water and land pollution. Let’s talk about them in details.

Environmental issues: water pollution (pollutants are heavy metal or chemicals) or air pollution (smoke or dust) or other form of pollution (noise pollution or the greenhouse effect).

A pollution egyik fő hatása például a globális felmelegedés, amely változásokat okoz az éghajlatban és növeli a hőmérsékletet. This leads to many problems for humans, plants and animals.

Levegőszennyezés

Air pollution means that the air we breathe becomes dirty and bad for our health. Air is polluted by natural activities like forest fires and volcanic eruptions, but human activity is even more polluting.

Our consumer society is based on manufacturing. We need factories to produce the things we buy and power plants for electricity, which emit high levels of carbon monoxide, methane and other chemicals into the air through the fumes and smoke that come out of their chimneys.

Burning fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal for transportation also results in smog and serious air pollution. These are directly pumped into the air as primary pollutants.

Contaminated air can cause respiratory and lung diseases apart from the climate change. The chemicals we use in our household can also be great pollutants.

But methane, for example, is also produced by the animals we keep for food and by the tons of decomposing garbage in landfills. You should check what cleaning and hygienic products you spray into the air!

Air pollution is also connected with car traffic. I believe car fumes can increase the greenhouse effect, destroy the ozone layer, cause breathing problems, and reduce the amount of oxygen.

Companies could use trains or ships for transportation purposes instead of lorries. Instead of going by car, we could use public transport or bicycles.

A levegőszennyezés forrásai

• forest fires - erdőtüzek
• volcanic eruptions - vulkánkitörések
• factories - gyárak
• power plants - erőművek
• fossil fuels - fosszilis tüzelőanyagok
• oil, gas and coal - olaj, gáz és szén
• car exhaust fumes - autók kipufogógázai
• smog - szmog
• chemicals - vegyszerek
• dust - por
• toxic waste - mérgező hulladék

There’s a large CHEMICAL FACTORY in our town which has POLLUTED the river three times already. EMISSIONS from factories in northern Germany AFFECT the environment in large parts of Scandinavia.

EXHAUST FUME from cars and other vehicles causes a great deal of damage to the environment. The chemicals we use in our household can also be great pollutants.

A levegőszennyezés következményei

Contaminated air can cause respiratory and lung diseases apart from the climate change. Consequences of pollution: allergy, asthmas, breathing problems, many animals and plants become endangered species disappear.

A levegőszennyezés további következménye lehet a szmog, a savas eső, a globális felmelegedés és az ózonréteg károsodása. A tanuláshoz fontos kifejezések közé tartozik a skin cancer, a hay fever, az allergy, a breathing problems és az endangered species.

A levegő védelme

Ways to fight air pollution are straightforward: be less dependent on polluting transportation - ride a bike more and use the car less if you can’t have an environmentally friendly one.

Buy less new, non-recyclable products and check if they are environmentally friendly or not. Recycle your waste and use less electricity!

Make sure your car runs on UNLEADED PETROL and your home uses sources of RENEWABLE ENERGY. Use PUBLIC TRANSPORT instead of taking your car.

We ought to use unleaded petrol in our car and walk or cycle more. People shouldn't cut down rainforest or throw away old batteries.

Vízszennyezés

Nature has a way of keeping our water supplies clean, but we are making this more and more difficult. Cities and their industries dump waste products and chemicals into the seas, which is not only destructive for humans, but also for all other living beings.

Unfortunately, not only businesses and factories throw their garbage into the water. Many people also think rivers, lakes and seas are perfect places to dump their litter into.

People also cause water pollution accidentally when their vehicles leak oil and gas and it gets washed into our water sources through rain or when cleaning the streets and driveways.

A huge and many times tragic way to destroy the quality of our water and the creatures that live in or feed from it is through oil pollution. We hear about oil spills regularly and we know how difficult it is to clean and how many animals and humans suffer the consequences.

The sewage waste from houses and industries, like nuclear waste from nuclear plants, also ends up in our rivers and seas and there are also underground storage leaks when the harmful substances that are kept in tanks or run through pipes, like petroleum, under the ground contaminate our water sources.

A vízszennyezés okai

• industrial waste - ipari hulladék
• chemicals - vegyszerek
• garbage - szemét
• oil and gas leaks - olaj- és gázszivárgások
• oil spills - olajszennyezések
• sewage waste - szennyvíz
• nuclear waste - nukleáris hulladék
• underground storage leaks - föld alatti tárolók szivárgásai
• pesticides - növényvédő szerek
• artificial fertilizers - műtrágyák

A tanker accidents can cause oil spills, and petroleum can contaminate groundwater and other water sources. To leak means szivárogni, to spill means kiömleni, and to prevent something means megakadályozni valamit.

A víz védelme

What you can do for water protection? Try to waste as little water as possible when you are washing your teeth, showering or cleaning.

Always use environmentally friendly household cleaning and hygienic materials. Check your car for leaks.

Avoid using pesticides and artificial fertilizers in your garden or for farming because they all get into the nearby water sources through the soil.

And whatever you do, do not litter in rivers, lakes, beaches and oceans! We have to protect the world around us in my view material friendly products and recycle waste material.

Talajszennyezés és hulladék

Water and land pollution are connected many times. If you use natural and biodegradable products for farming, you can prevent poisonous substances like pesticides, insecticides and artificial fertilizers from getting into our soil, into the plants we and the animals eat, and also into our water sources.

Recycling our waste is also an important step to take to stop land pollution. Garbage that is non-biodegradable and does not easily rot into organic matter should not be piled up on the landfills where cities transport their waste.

They stay there for thousands of years and pollute our earth and the crops we eat. A lot of HOUSEHOLD WASTE like bottles and newspapers can be RECYCLED and used again.

The government is introducing strict new rules on the dumping of TOXIC WASTE by industry. Farmers CONTRIBUTE TO ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE by spraying crops with PESTICIDES.

Hulladékkezelés és újrahasznosítás

Recycle my rubbish and use environmentally friendly things. I try to collect rubbish selectively.

Take glass, paper and plastic to a RECYCLING POINT and your empty bottles to a BOTTLE BANK. Buy ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY products whenever possible.

A mindennapokban fontos a szelektív hulladékgyűjtés, az újrahasznosítás, az egyszer használatos tárgyak csökkentése és a környezetbarát termékek választása.

Erdőirtás és a természetes élőhelyek védelme

Deforestation is also a kind of land pollution. We need trees to absorb carbon dioxide from the air and produce life-giving oxygen, while forests are the home of many animals, birds and insects.

We also use wood for housing, furniture and heat. While we are cutting down trees for construction, farming and mining, we don’t plant new trees.

Tropical rainforests have always helped to keep the environment in balance but recent DEFORESTATION means they no longer absorb as much carbon dioxide as they used to.

Can imagine the consequences if we don’t do something against this more and more serious problem?

It is important to save our environment because, in 50 or 100 years, we will not have enough food or energy. I think it’s not only our environment but the next generations’ too, so we should start to consider the problems of energy.

Globális felmelegedés és klímaváltozás

One of the main effects of pollution is global warming, for example, which causes the changes in our climate and makes temperature rise. This leads to many problems for humans, plants and animals.

Global warming has been present since the end of the 19th century, but we are still not doing enough to stop it. We are still polluting our earth.

The greenhouse effect, carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gas emissions contribute to climate change. The melting of ice at the poles and changes in ocean currents are also connected with the changing climate.

A tanuláshoz kapcsolódó fontos szavak a greenhouse effect, the ozone layer, ozone hole, ultraviolet radiation, climate change, to melt, ice, pole, current, Gulf Stream, to slow down, desert és desertification.

A klímaváltozás következményei

• global warming - globális felmelegedés
• climate change - klímaváltozás
• greenhouse effect - üvegházhatás
• rising temperatures - emelkedő hőmérséklet
• melting ice - olvadó jég
• ozone layer damage - az ózonréteg károsodása
• desertification - elsivatagosodás
• extinction of species - fajok kihalása
• natural disasters - természeti katasztrófák

A környezeti problémákkal kapcsolatban előfordulhatnak a hurricane, tornado, tsunami, earthquake és volcanic eruption szavak is. These problems affect humans, plants and animals.

Energiaforrások

The most well-known energy sources nowadays are fossil fuels like coal and oil, but solar energy and wind power are also becoming more and more popular.

As the traditional energy sources are running out, we could start using alternative energy sources, like earth heat. The increasing lack of fossil fuels will cause problems in the economy.

Make sure your car runs on UNLEADED PETROL and your home uses sources of RENEWABLE ENERGY. Nuclear power, wind power and solar power are also important expressions in this topic.

Környezetbarát közlekedés

Burning fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal for transportation also results in smog and serious air pollution. These are directly pumped into the air as primary pollutants.

What is the relationship between the use of cars and air pollution? I believe car fumes can increase the greenhouse effect, destroy the ozone layer, cause breathing problems, and reduce the amount of oxygen.

Instead of going by car, we could use public transport or bicycles. Companies could use trains or ships for transportation purposes instead of lorries.

We ought to use unleaded petrol in our car and walk or cycle more. Be less dependent on polluting transportation - ride a bike more and use the car less if you can’t have an environmentally friendly one.

Mit tehetünk a mindennapokban?

What can we do in our everyday lives to protect the environment? I always recycle my rubbish and use environmentally friendly things.

We don’t have to do big things, just start small, like switching off the lights in the rooms, not using too much water, and not throwing litter away in the streets.

I have also tried to convince my family and friends to use less water and electricity and public transport more often. People shouldn't cut down rainforest or throw away old batteries.

Try to waste as little water as possible when you are washing your teeth, showering or cleaning. Recycle your waste and use less electricity!

1. Use less water when washing your teeth, showering or cleaning.
2. Switch off the lights in empty rooms.
3. Use less electricity.
4. Recycle household waste selectively.
5. Buy environmentally friendly products.
6. Use public transport, walk or ride a bicycle.
7. Use unleaded petrol.
8. Do not litter in streets, rivers, lakes, beaches and oceans.
9. Avoid pesticides and artificial fertilizers.
10. Do not throw away old batteries.

Környezetvédő szervezetek és közösségi fellépés

What do you know of the world organizations that try to protect, conserve or save the environment and species from extinction? What are their methods?

I know some organizations like Green Peace which try to save the environment. They hand out leaflets, organize conferences or campaigns, and try to call attention to endangered species and make people aware of global warming.

Environmentalists are furious with the American government for delaying measures which will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There are lots of things we can do to protect the environment.

Hasznos mondatok szóbeli érettségire

I think environmental protection is a very important issue nowadays. We have to protect the world around us.

It is very important to be aware of environmental problems and air pollution. There are lots of things we can do to protect the environment.

I always recycle my rubbish and use environmentally friendly things. I try to collect rubbish selectively.

We don’t have to do big things, just start small. We should use less water and electricity and public transport more often.

Instead of going by car, we could use public transport or bicycles. Companies could use trains or ships for transportation purposes instead of lorries.

It is important to save our environment because, in 50 or 100 years, we will not have enough food or energy.

I think it’s not only our environment but the next generations’ too, so we should start to consider the problems of energy.

Gyakori érettségi kérdések és válaszok

What do you think you could personally do to protect your environment?

I think it is very important to be aware of environmental problems and air pollution. I always recycle my rubbish and use environmentally friendly things.

We don’t have to do big things, just start small, like switching off the lights in the rooms, not using too much water, and not throwing litter away in the streets.

I have also tried to convince my family and friends to use less water and electricity and public transport more often.

What is the relationship between the use of cars and air pollution?

I believe car fumes can increase the greenhouse effect, destroy the ozone layer, cause breathing problems, and reduce the amount of oxygen.

Instead of going by car, we could use public transport or bicycles. Companies could use trains or ships for transportation purposes instead of lorries.

What do you know about the energy sources in the world?

The most well-known energy sources nowadays are fossil fuels like coal and oil, but solar energy and wind power are also becoming more and more popular.

As the traditional energy sources are running out, we could start using alternative energy sources, like earth heat. The increasing lack of fossil fuels will cause problems in the economy.

Why is it important to preserve the environment and save rainforests and animals from extinction?

It is important to save our environment because, in 50 or 100 years, we will not have enough food or energy.

I think it’s not only our environment but the next generations’ too, so we should start to consider the problems of energy.

tags: #angol #erettsegi #kornyezetvedelem