Az angol befejezett jelen időről szóló magyarázatban fordítási feladat is van. Annak a feladatnak a megoldása ez itt. Csak akkor érdemes megnézni a megoldást, ha előtte már megoldottuk a feladatot, akkor sokkal hatékonyabb!
Néhány mondatnak több helyes angol fordítása is elképzelhető. Lehetséges, hogy itt nem szerepel az összes helyes fordítása egy mondatnak. A határozószók (például yesterday) a mondat végén vagy elején is állhatnak, mindkét változat helyes.
Exercise 1 - Present Perfect és Simple Past
| Magyar mondat | Megoldás |
|---|---|
| Soha nem voltam még Londonban. | I have never been to London / I haven’t been to London yet. |
| Tavaly nem voltam Londonban. | Last year I wasn’t in London / I wasn’t in London last year. |
| Voltál már Angliában? | Have you (ever) been to England? |
| Voltál a múlt hónapban Angliában? | Were you in England last month? |
| Az utóbbi időben nem láttam a barátomat. | I haven’t seen my friend recently/lately. |
| Tegnap nem láttam a barátomat. | I didn’t see my friend yesterday. |
| Ma még nem olvasta el a szomszédom az újságot. | My neighbour hasn’t read the newspaper/paper today. |
| Tegnap nem olvasta el a szomszédom az újságot. | Yesterday my neighbour didn’t read the newspaper/paper. |
| Leesett a tollad. Vedd fel! | Your pen has fallen down. Pick it up. |
| Tegnap leesett a tollad és felvetted. | Yesterday your pen fell down and you picked it up. |
| Már megittam a teámat. | I have already drunk my tea. |
| Tegnap este megittam a teámat. | Yesterday evening I drank my tea. |
Exercise 2 - Present Perfect fordítási feladat
| Magyar mondat | Megoldás |
|---|---|
| Jött egy leveled. El akarod olvasni? | You have received/got a letter. / A letter has arrived for you. Do you want to read it? |
| Tegnap jött egy leveled és elolvastad. | Yesterday you received/got a letter and you read it. |
| Valaki kinyitotta az ablakot. Fázom. | Somebody / Someone has opened the window. I am cold. |
| Megemelték az árakat. Nincs elég pénzem megvenni az autót. | They have raised the prices / The prices have been raised. I don’t have enough money to buy the car. |
| A kollégánk bement a szobába és a főnökre vár. | Our colleague has entered the room / has gone into the room and is waiting for the boss. |
| Pár órája a kollégánk bement a szobába és megvárta a főnökét. | A few hours ago our colleague entered the room / went into the room and waited for his/her boss. |
| Kinyitottam a könyvet, mert olvasni fogok (készülök). | I have opened the book because I am going to read. |
| A múlt alkalommal kinyitottam a könyvet és elolvastam a szöveget. | Last time I opened the book and (I) read the text. |
| A kollégánk bekapcsolta a számítógépet és a külföldi kollégákkal beszél. | Our colleague has switched on / has turned on the computer and is speaking to foreign colleagues. |
| Tegnap a kollégánk bekapcsolta a számítógépet és kinyomtatta a levelet. | Yesterday our colleague switched on / turned on the computer and printed the letter. |
| A főnök két napja beteg. | The boss has been ill (for) two days. |
| A főnök tegnap beteg volt. | The boss was ill yesterday. |
| A kollégám január óta nem dolgozik. | My colleague hasn’t worked since January. |
Present Perfect - kiegészítős feladat megoldókulcsa
Azoknál a munkálatoknál, amiket már befejeztek, Simple Past (egyszerű múlt) igeidőt, amik még tartanak és nem fejeztek be, ott Present Perfect (Befejezett jelen) igeidőket, azoknál a mozzanatoknál, amik a jövőben fognak megvalósulni, Simple Future (egyszerű jövő) igeidőt használj. Lesznek mondatok, ahol a passive (szenvedő) vagy active (cselekvő) mondatszerkezet között is választanod kell.
| Feladat | Megoldás |
|---|---|
| I _____________ (not see) the film “Titanic” yet. | haven't seen |
| Mr. and Mrs. Hill __________ (watch) all the one hundred episodes of this series since June. | have watched |
| Benjamin _________ already __________ (eat) dinner. I don’t think he is hungry now. | has / eaten |
| Where ______ Charles and Betty _______ (go) ? I knocked their door, nobody opened it. | have / gone |
| I ___________ (not do) the laundry yet. I don’t have any clean t-shirts in my wardrobe now. | haven't done |
| Judy and Max __________ (water) the flowers, but they _________ (not feed) the sheep yet. | have watered / haven't fed |
| My father ___________ (not arrive) home yet. We are waiting for him patiently for dinner | hasn't arrived |
| Lawrence ______________ (won) one hundred thousand dollars from the lottery recently. | has won |
| The chief police officer __________ (question) all the bank staff about the robbery. | has questioned |
| The Jacksons ___________ (paint) their fence recently. Their garden looks amazing | have painted |
| Who ____________ (break) the vase on the big table in the kitchen? My mum will get furious. | has broken |
| Peter and I ___________ (not see) each other for about two weeks. I will visit him soon | haven't seen |
| Now that I ___________ (finish) my homework, my friend and I can play on the playground. | have finished |
| We _________ (receive) a strange letter from Egypt. It’s written in Arabic language. | have received |
| My grandmother ____________ (buy) some new furniture for her house in Newcastle. | has bought |
| The children __________ (finish) painting their pictures. They are having a rest now | have finished |
| Oh, Helen! You mother is so worried about you. Where ________ you ________ (be)? | have / been |
| Brenda __________ (read) this novel four times before. She must have liked it so much. | had read |
| You can bring the food. I___________ (set) the table and I am starving at the moment. | have set |
| Mrs. Torres ____________ (not hear) the alarm clock. She is two hours late for work. | hasn't heard |
| Alan and Beverly ____________ (live) in this old house for more than twenty-five years | have lived |
| ________ you ever ________ (drive) a Ferrari in your life? It must be a nice experience. | Have / driven |
| Mr. Perez ___________ (vacuum) the floor, but he ____________ (not dust) the furniture yet | has vacuumed / hasn't dusted |
| Our cat, Bella ___________ (not drink) anything for hours. You had better give her some water. | hasn't drunk |
| My mum ___________ (not phone) me since last Saturday. I need to talk to her immediately. | hasn't phoned |
| Rose __________ (wear) her raincoat, but she __________ (forget) to take her umbrella with her. She will get back home quickly to get it. | has worn / has forgotten |
| There is a car accident on the street in front of the bookshop. Carl and Terry ____________ (call) the police, but the officers ___________ (not arrive) yet. | have called / hasn't arrived |
| My parents ___________ (stay) at a luxurious hotel in Madrid since last weekend. | have stayed |
| The footballers ____________ (not play) well enough. We may lose this match in the end. | haven't played |
| ________ you ever ________ (meet) a famous person in your life? It must be exciting! | Have / met |
| Frank’s sisters ________ just _________ (go) out. They will visit the city museum. | have / gone |
| My cousin, Virginia ___________ (plant) twelve pine trees in the forest so far today | has planted |
| This old building ___________ (stand) here for about two hundred fifty years. It’s so old. | has stood |
| Willie’s brother, Roy ___________ (read) quite a lot of story books since the beginning of the summer holiday. He is such a bookworm. | has read |
| ______ your grandma _______ (bake) the cake yet? I can’t wait to taste it. | Has / baked |
| I ___________ (brush) my teeth. I can go to bed now. | have brushed |
| The secretary ___________ (write) the emails but she ___________ (not send) them yet. She needs to make a few changes. | has written / hasn't sent |
| Gloria, ________ you ________ (wash) your hands yet? The breakfast is ready. | have / washed |
Present Perfect használata és összehasonlítása a Simple Pasttal
Both present perfect simple and present perfect continuous express some kind of connection between a past state or action and the present time. The past state or action may have existed or happened during a period of time that includes the present: I have written three letters this morning. ( It is still morning )
compare: I wrote three letters this morning. ( It is now afternoon ) The present perfect simple may have only just finished, no past time having been mentioned. Adverbs such as just or now are often used: He has just come in.
compare: He came a minute ago. The present perfect simple may suggest a future possibility. Adverbs such as yet or ever may suggest this: The concert hasn’t started yet. Have you ever visited New Zealand?
The present perfect simple may produce a present result: I have made some coffee. Would you like a cup? She has moved to a new flat. ( She moved recently and is living there now. )
The present perfect simple may refer to an understood present statement: I’m sorry. I’ve forgotten to bring my book. ( I haven’t got it. )
compare: Who has opened the window? ( It’s clod here. ) Who opened the window? ( Who was it? )
The past simple is used to express an action that happened in the past and finished. Sometimes a definite time in the past is stated: He died last year. He arrived a minute ago.
The action may have happened only once: I took a chocolate from the box. repeatedly: The teacher who usually took us for Geography was Mr Quint. or continuously: For several years he worked for the BBC.
The past continuous could be used here if the length of time were emphasised: He was working for the BBC for a very long time.
Present Perfect Continuous
The continuous action referred to started in the past it is still happening has only just finished. The length of time taken by the action is emphasised.
Verbs commonly used in this tense are: live, stay, sleep, visit, work, lie (flat), rain, snow, shine. How long have you been living in England? It has been raining all day. I have been waiting for an hour and a half. You have been spending far too much money.
Present Perfect Passive
The passive form of the present perfect continuous is complicated and very seldom used. The impersonal pronoun one is less often used in English than in some other languages.
Instead of making it the subject of a transitive verb, English usage often prefers to express the idea in the Passive Voice.
A megoldások használata
Csak akkor érdemes megnézni a megoldást, ha előtte már megoldottuk a feladatot, akkor sokkal hatékonyabb! Néhány mondatnak több helyes angol fordítása is elképzelhető.
tags: #unit #12 #present #perfect #megoldokulcs